Researchers at the University of Michigan have uncovered a crucial insight into preventing the degradation of perovskite semiconductors. This breakthrough could lead to solar cells estimated to be two to four times cheaper than current thin-film panels. Perovskites, when combined with silicon-based semiconductors, may create "tandem" solar cells surpassing the maximum theoretical efficiency of silicon solar cells.

The Challenge:
While silicon solar cells are efficient and durable, their high production cost, requiring temperatures over 1,000 degrees Celsius, poses economic and environmental challenges.

Perovskite's Potential:
Perovskite semiconductors can be produced at lower temperatures, providing a cost-effective alternative to silicon. However, their susceptibility to degradation limits their commercial competitiveness in solar panels.

Key Discovery:
Researchers led by Xiwen Gong, U-M assistant professor of chemical engineering, found that adding bulky "defect pacifying" molecules to perovskite crystals enhances stability by preventing defects at high temperatures.

Molecule Characteristics Matter:
The study revealed that larger molecules are more effective at preventing defects due to increased binding sites interacting with perovskite crystals. Bulky molecules also ensure larger perovskite grains form, reducing the density of grain boundaries and minimizing areas for defects.

Future Implications:
Understanding the role of molecule size and configuration opens possibilities for designing additives across various perovskite formulations. This breakthrough could significantly improve the lifespan of perovskite solar cells and find applications in light-emitting devices and photodetectors.

Conclusion:
The University of Michigan's research marks a crucial advancement in enhancing perovskite stability, paving the way for more affordable and efficient solar cells. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the solar energy industry, making renewable energy solutions more accessible and cost-effective. The study, funded by the University of Michigan and supported by the National Science Foundation, represents a significant step toward sustainable energy solutions.

Based on: www.sciencedaily.com